Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of effective school-based SELF-control skill training on increasing psychological hardiness and SELF-efficacy of male students of the first secondary level.Method: This research is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included male students of the first secondary school in Qom city, 30 students were selected using the available sampling method and divided into two groups of 15 people completely randomly. Students in the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of the school-based SELF-control training program, and the control group did not receive training. Before and after the implementation of the intervention, both groups were evaluated using the psychological hardiness scale of Lang and Goulet (2003) and the SELF-efficacy scale of children and adolescents (SEQ-C). The data was analyzed using spss-22 software and through repeated measures analysis of variance test.Findings: The results showed that school-based SELF-control skill training has a significant effect on increasing students' psychological hardiness and SELF-efficacy (P<0.01). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that school-based SELF-control skill training can be an effective intervention in increasing psychological hardiness and SELF-efficacy in students.

Background and aim: Inadequate bond strength of resin cements to dentin appears to be a typical cause of failure in retention of fiber posts. In restoring endodontically treated teeth with fiber posts the cement-dentin interface is the weakest link. This study aims to compare the effect of SELF-etch and SELF-adhesive resin cements on shear bond strength of fiber posts to dentin.Materials and methods: This in vitro experimental study included 40 mandibular premolars with a single canal. All samples received standardized endodontic treatment after meeting the inclusion criteria. They were randomly divided into four groups and a post space was prepared in each sample. A size two Match post RTD fiber post was cemented into each sample using CoreCem (RTD) in group A, Panavia F2 (Kuraray) in group B, Bis Cem (Bisco) in group C and Maxcem Elite (Kerr) in group D as cementing agents. All samples were then cut into two pieces. Each specimen was loaded with equal force using a Universal Testing Machine. The load was applied from the apical to the coronal portion of each sample until fracture occurred. The mean shear bond strength for two each group was recorded and statistically analyzed with ANOVA (one way) and Dunnett’s tests using SPSS.Results: The mean shear bond strength was found to be as follows: Group A: (12.66 ±3.77) MPa Group B: (14.61±4.18) MPa Group C: (7.26±2.49) MPa Group D: (6.68±3.17) Mpa, Significant difference was demonstrated between shear bond strength of four groups (P=0.001). Mean bond strengths of resin cements in group A and B were not statistically different. Same results were shown when comparing cements in group C and D. However, cements in group A and B (SELF-etch) provided stronger bonds to dentin compared to group C and D (SELF-adhesive), the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: The use of SELF-etch resin cements results in higher shear bond strength to dentin compared to SELF-adhesive resin cements.

Background and Aim: The hormone receptor status in breast cancer has been pivotal in determining the likelihood of response to hormonal manipulation. Tumors which are both estrogen and progesterone receptor positive are much more likely to respond to anti-hormone therapy than negative tumors. There is well-established similarity between breast tissue and salivary glands. The aim of this study was to evaluate the progesterone receptor EXPRESSION in pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary glands. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, immunohistochemical staining with progesterone antibody was performed on 14 pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and 15 adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) paraffin blocks. The percentage of positive cells was determined using an eye piece graticule. Immunoreactivity was categorized as either positive (reactivity more than 5%) or negative (reactivity less than 5%). In addition the existence of progesterone receptor in tumor cells, stromal cells (fibroblasts), inflammatory cells and salivary glands around tumors was evaluated. Data were analyzed with T and Mann Whitney U tests with p<0.05 as the limit of significance. Results: Immunohistochemical staining for progesterone receptor was negative in 15 ACC and 13 PA. Only one case of PA showed immunoreactivity for progesterone receptor. Also, 12 normal salivary glands around tumor were positive. Inflammatory cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts did not show immunoreactivity in most cases. Conclusion: The results indicate the lack of progesterone receptor EXPRESSION in ACC and PA of salivary glands.

2Background & Aims: Today, the body has found a special place as the clearest and most obvious carrier and plays an important role in presenting itSELF in daily life and interactions. In fact, the body can be considered as an essential aspect of SELF-presentation, this is the same issue that Bourdieu calls physical capital. Harmful results caused by medical mistakes, in addition to material damage, include spiritual damage such as pain and suffering, emotional damage, loss of special power, loss of life's pleasures, change in the appearance of the human body, sadness and the suffering caused by a person's death for his relatives etc., which is sometimes irreparable, and the compensation of spiritual losses related to therapeutic operations, along with the ambiguities and complexity regarding the way of evaluating and compensating them, legal systems also have a specific method. Medical malpractice increases with the increase of cosmetic surgeries. For this purpose, by examining this research, it is possible to find out what are the individual demands (social acceptance, SELF-EXPRESSION and improvement of appearance quality) of the injured and damaged cosmetic surgery patients from the forensic doctor and what most clients evaluate the malpractice in, so that Based on that, he presented a scientific and practical solution to reduce injuries caused to the victims of cosmetic surgery and the Taliban. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, the effect of the components of social acceptance, the amount of SELF-presentation (SELF-presentation) and the improvement of appearance quality (matching the surgery to the desired model of the patient) with the complaints of people about cosmetic surgery in the structure of forensic medical commissions of Tehran province was examined. All the people studied were cosmetic surgery victims who filed complaints to the Forensic Medicine Commission in 2019 and 2020 and their medical malpractice was confirmed twice. After preparing the list of plaintiffs (980 people), the researcher contacted 276 of the plaintiffs who were available and completed the mentioned questionnaire with them. The sample size was considered according to Morgan's table. Three components of social acceptance, improvement of appearance quality and SELF-EXPRESSION were investigated. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to check the social acceptance, SELF-EXPRESSION and improvement of the appearance quality of the participants. SPSS version 22 software was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 37 years; 18 respondents (6.5%) were male and 258 respondents (93.5%) were female. Regarding the frequency of surgery, 49.6% of the respondents had cosmetic surgery once and 31.9% had cosmetic surgery twice, and the mean number of surgeries was 2 and the maximum was 8 times. The number of complaints among married women and respondents with high education was higher than other groups. Most respondents had liposuction surgery (18.8%) and rhinoplasty (18.1%). The results of the research indicated that there is an inverse and significant relationship between social acceptance (r=-0.364), SELF-EXPRESSION (r=-0.271), and appearance quality (r=-0.395). In fact, with the reduction of social acceptance, SELF-EXPRESSION, appearance quality (incompatibility of surgery with the patient's wishes), the amount of complaints about surgery also increases. Conclusion: The decrease in the quality of life and the quality of appearance and the support received after the operation and the incompatibility of people's expectations with the reality and the malpractices in the surgery increase the level of dissatisfaction and complaints, and in this case, the person incurs additional material and emotional costs. Surgery applicants go for cosmetic surgery with the aim of achieving a better life and appearance and achieving their dreams. As the results also show, the life situation of the plaintiffs has worsened after the surgery, and besides the cost of reconstructive and care surgeries, the person also loses his previous position in work or family life and suffers more mental and spiritual damage. See that this cannot be compensated at any cost. A significant part of the complaint is due to the failure to achieve individual demands, and individual demands were both a reason for the trend towards cosmetic surgery and a factor in increasing the complaints of the injured. Most of the respondents find popularity, acceptability, approval and social acceptance from family, friends, peers and society and improve their living conditions and achieve better life and career opportunities and attract others and find social respect and dignity and present a favorable image and representation. The special image is based on the advertising criteria of cosmetic surgery. According to the results of the study, the three components of individual demands, including social acceptance, SELF-EXPRESSION, and improvement of appearance quality, are important predictors for complaints about cosmetic surgery, so with the increase of each component of individual demands, the probability of complaints after cosmetic surgery decreases, and vice versa. It is better to consider some measures in future studies in this regardin including developing coherent indices in the country to measure the complaints and demands of cosmetic surgery victims, to access the file of complaints. Lack of cultural perspectives and the roadmap of cultural organizations in recognizing and introducing the amount of cosmetic surgery and medical malpractice (number malpractice and physisians with malpractice cases and causes) should be resolved.

Purpose: The present research was conducted to explain creativity, based on SELF-management and creative SELF-efficacy by mediating of educational engagement in elementary school students with learning Difficult. Method: The research method was a descriptive-correlation method with a path analysis design in the form of structural equations. The statistics society was included of students in 4th to 6th grads with learning problems that were engaged to educate in primary schools of Arak city in the academic year of 1400-1401, which were selected 200 boys’ and girls’ students (100 each gender) with learning problems as the research sample by using the purposeful sampling method. Data gathering tools were include Colorado Questionnaire, Shaffer's creativity questionnaire, Karwowski creative SELF-efficacy, Houghton and Neck's SELF-management, and Wilborn's educational engagement, which were completed by teachers and parents of students with learning Difficult. The collected data were analyzed by using Pearson's correlation coefficients and path way analysis in SPSS and AMOS software. From structural equations modeling method was used to investigate the research model fitness.  Results: The findings showed that the research model have an agreeable fitness. Also acquired coefficients between variables parameters showed that meaningful direct effect of SELF-management dimensions and creative SELF-efficacy on educational engagement and creativity. In this means, by increasing the SELF -management and creative SELF-efficacy, there is a positive change in the degree of educational engagement and creativity in students with learning problems. So, the relationships between the variables of the model drawn in this research were confirmed.

Statement of Problem: Differentiation of dentigerous cyst from unicystic ameloblastoma, discovering any initial ameloblastic changes in lining epithelium of dentigerous cyst at early stage, and differentiation between hyperplastic odontogenic epithelium in fibrous capsule of dentigerous cyst from ameloblastic proliferation, need to an accurate and reliable technique.Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine and compare Ki-67 immunoreactivity in various locations of the epithelium of Dentigerous cyst and Unicystic Ameloblastoma.Materials and Methods: In this historical Cohort study, 15 cases of dentigerous cyst and 9 cases of unicystic ameloblastoma were selected. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed by MIB-1 (murine monoclonal antibody against Ki-67). The stained nucleous were counted in basal and suprabasal layer of lining epithelium of both lesions in 1000 epithelial cells. Finally, the percentage of positive cells (presented as labeling index) was calculated. t- Student test was used to analyze the related data.Results: Ki-67 (LI) in basal layer of Dentigerous cyst (2.59 1.66) and Unicystic Ameloblastoma (3.76 79) had no significant differences, but Ki-67 (LI) in suprabasal layer of unicystic ameloblastoma (2.15 0.69) was significantly higher than dentigerous cyst (0.77 0.55) P=0.003).The difference between the average numbers of positive cells for Ki-67 (LI) in these two lesions was statistically significant (P<0.05) and it was higher in Unicystic Ameloblastoma than Dentigerous cyst.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that Ki-67 (LI) in suprabasal layer or throughout the epithelium can be considered as a useful marker for differential diagnosis between dentigerous cyst and unicystic ameloblastoma.

Background & Aim: The aims of this study were to assess the impact of dentofacial relationships and sex on: SELF evaluation and SELF satisfaction in 12-15 years old students in Qazvin in 2003, and to determine the correlation between type of school and variables determining malocclusion with SELF evaluation and SELF satisfaction.Method &Materials: A cross - sectional study two stage - cluster sampling was carried out among 120 students (58 girls, 62 boys) aged 12 - 15 years who attended 4 guidance - schools (2 public, 2 private) in Qazvin in 2003. All samples were examined clinically and a questionnaire was used to assess their SELF evaluation and SELF satisfaction. Data were analyzed by the means on Chi - square and Fisher exact test.Results: Overjet, crowding and severe maxillary irregularity were significantly related to SELF evaluation. Overjet and severe mandibular irregularity were related to SELF satisfaction. No sex difference was found. Type of school was not a significant factor affecting SELF evaluation and SELF satisfaction. High level of SELF satisfaction has been found in the students. However, the majority of student had mid level of SELF evaluation.Conclusion: Overjet is the only variable significant in 12-15 year old students affecting both SELF evaluation and SELF satisfaction. Subjective esthetic measure should be incorporated to clinical esthetic criteria. Good communication between dentist and patient is important in analyzing and planning esthetic treatment according to individual needs and desires.